What adverse effect is primarily associated with prolonged use of NSAIDs?

Prolonged use of NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) is primarily associated with gastric ulcers due to their mechanism of action and impact on the gastrointestinal system. NSAIDs inhibit the production of prostaglandins, which play a crucial role in maintaining the protective lining of the stomach. When these protective prostaglandins are reduced, the stomach lining becomes more susceptible to damage from gastric acid, leading to the development of ulcers.

This adverse effect is significant because it can result in complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation, and increased morbidity in patients, particularly in those who are elderly or have other risk factors. Understanding this risk is essential for healthcare providers when prescribing NSAIDs, as they may need to consider protective measures such as co-prescribing proton pump inhibitors or recommending alternative pain management strategies for individuals at higher risk.

Other options, like kidney stones and skin rash, can occur in some individuals taking NSAIDs but are not as commonly associated with prolonged use compared to gastric ulcers. Weight gain is typically not linked to NSAID use and is not a direct effect of these medications. Therefore, the association between NSAIDs and gastric ulcers stands out as a significant and well-documented concern in the context of prolonged usage.